Ukwazi eminye yale mikhuba ngaphambi kokuthi uhambe kuzokusiza ukulingana kangcono, ukugwema amaphutha futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukujabulela okuhlangenwe nakho okuningi kakhulu.
Emigqeni elandelayo uzothola amasiko amathathu abalulekile aseVietnam lokho kuzokumangaza njengesivakashi.
Amasiko aseVietnam: Ukugcina isikhathi, ithoni yezwi, ukuxhumana nabantu, nokuningi
Ezimweni ezithile ezisemthethweni, njengemihlangano yebhizinisi noma ama-aphoyintimenti abalulekile, abantu baseVietnam bayakwazisa kakhulu ukufika ngesikhathi kanye nokuhlonipha isimisoUkufika sekwephuzile emhlanganweni osemthethweni, ukuvakasha okuhleliwe, noma umcimbi wenkolo kuyacasulwa, futhi izivakashi kulindeleke ukuthi zithathe isikhathi esivunyelwene ngaso ngokungathi sína.
Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingahlelekile neze zansuku zonke izinto ziyashintsha futhi "Ukugcina isikhathi okukhululekile" ngesitayela sesiLatiniUma ufuna ikhofi nabangani, isidlo somndeni, noma ukuphuma, ukubambezeleka akuyona into enkulu futhi kuyamukelwa ngaphandle kokungabaza. Kuyinhlanganisela exakile: ukuqina uma kukhulunywa ngalokho okubalulekile, ukuguquguquka uma kukhulunywa ngokuphila komphakathi.
EVietnam, ukuphakamisa izwi lakho ngaphandle kwesizathu kubhekwa njengokungathi ukuziphatha okubi ngisho nolakaIzingxoxo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi nabantu ongabazi noma abangane, zivame ukuqhutshwa ngezwi elithambile nelizolile, ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezivusa amadlingozi. Ukumemeza, ukuphikisana kakhulu, noma ukubonisa intukuthelo emphakathini kuyacasula futhi kuhlotshaniswa nokuntuleka kokuzithiba.
Lokhu kuhambisana nomqondo ojulile: Ukugcina ukuvumelana komphakathi phezu kwengxabano eqondileYingakho, ngisho nasezingxabanweni noma ezingxoxweni ezishubile, abantu bavame ukumomotheka, bakhulume ngokuthula, futhi bazame ukugwema ukungezwani okuvulekile. Kumuntu ovakashile waseNtshonalanga, kungase kubonakale kungavamile ukubona umuntu ephendula ngokumomotheka ngesikhathi sempikiswano, kodwa lokho kumomotheka kuvame ukubonisa inhlonipho, isineke, noma ukwamukela, hhayi ukugcona.
Ngemva nje kokuhlangana nothile, kuvame kakhulu ukuthi akubuze umndeni wakho, isimo sakho somshado, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unabantwana, noma ukuthi umama wakho unjani.Ngokombono waseNtshonalanga, lokhu kungase kubonakale kuphazanyisa, kodwa eVietnam kuthathwa njengokukhathalela kwangempela kanye nophawu lokusondelana. Kuyindlela yabo yokubonisa ukuthi bayakukhathalela.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamagama ajwayelekile ukubiza abanye abantu nakho kuvamile kakhulu: “anh” (umfowethu omdala), “chị” (udadewabo omdala), “bác” (umalume) kanye nezinye eziningi. Lezi zidlaliso ziyashintsha ngokuya ngeminyaka kanye nesikhundla, futhi ziqinisa umqondo wokuthi wonke umphakathi ungumndeni owodwa omkhulu lapho wonke umuntu enendawo ethile ebuholini.
Ukubingelela eVietnam kuhlanganisa amathonya endabuko namasiko esimanjeFuthi kulula ukuzifaka unyawo lwakho kukho uma ungazi ukuthi ungababiza kanjani abesilisa nabesifazane noma abantu bezigaba ezahlukene.
Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni nasezimweni ezingahlelekile, into evame kakhulu Ukuxhawulana kwesitayela saseNtshonalangaIkakhulukazi phakathi kwabesilisa. Ngokuvamile kuhambisana nokumomotheka kanye nombuzo onjengokuthi "Unjani?". Isenzo sokuthinta i-visor yesigqoko noma ikepisi naso siyisibonakaliso senhlonipho, esisabonakala kubantu abadala.
Ezimweni zemikhosi eminingi, ezindaweni zasemakhaya noma ezindaweni zenkolo, umuntu usengabona Ukuthambekela okuncane komzimba ngezandla zihlangene lapho isifuba siphakama khonaKufana nakwamanye amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Akuvamile njengaseThailand, kodwa kusasetshenziswa ezimweni ezidinga inhlonipho ekhethekile.
Kwabesifazane, ikakhulukazi labo abavela ezindaweni zasemakhaya noma asebekhulile, kuvamile ukuthi Gwema ukuthintana ngqo ngokomzimbaUma ungabaza, kungcono ukungamniki isandla sakho kuqala bese ulinda ukuthi abeke ibanga: ukumamatheka nokukhothama kancane kwanele njengesibingelelo esifanele.
Ngokuphathelene nezethulo, abantu abaningi baseVietnam bakhetha lokho ube ngumuntu wesithathu oveza abantuEsikhundleni sokuzethula ngqo, njengoba umuntu waseNtshonalanga engase akwenze, isizotha namahloni athile kuyingxenye yekhodi yezenhlalo, futhi ukufika nokusho igama lakho nokuthi ungubani ngaphandle kwesingeniso kungabonakala njengokugabadela okuncane.
Igama lesiVietnam livame ukulandela i-oda isibongo – igama eliphakathi – igama lokuqalaOkuphambene nalokho okwenzeka emazweni aseHispanic. Isibonelo, lokho esingakubiza ngokuthi "uJuan Pablo García" ngefomethi yaseVietnam kufana nokuthi "uGarcía Pablo Juan".
Ezingxoxweni zansuku zonke, isibongo asivamile ukusetshenziswa sodwa. Kuyinhlonipho ukusisebenzisa isihloko (Mnu., Nkk., Nkosazana) noma esilingana nesiVietnam kulandelwe igama elinikeziwe. Uma igama lomuntu linguHau Dinh Cam, uHau kungaba yisibongo, futhi indlela efanele yokumbiza ngokuthi "uNksz Cam" noma isiqu sendawo esifanele, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona abanye abantu.
Ukweqa izihloko nokusebenzisa igama ngokuqondile, ngaphandle kwencazelo eyengeziwe, kufanelekile kuphela ku- izimo ezingahlelekile neze noma lapho omunye umuntu ekucela ngokusobala ukuthi wenze kanjalo.Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungazwakala sengathi kusondelene kakhulu noma kuqhosha ngandlela thile, njengokungathi awuqapheli ibanga noma ubudala.
Esimweni sobungcweti noma esinabasebenzi bakahulumeni, ukubiza abantu kuyaziswa kakhulu. ngesikhundla sabo: udokotela, u-lieutenant, iphini, uprofesa, njll.Le ndlela yokukhuluma iqinisa inhlonipho ngezikhundla, okuyinani elibalulekile emasikweni aseVietnam, elithonywe kakhulu ubuConfucian.
Enye yezinto ezidida kakhulu isivakashi yi- Ukumamatheka kwaseVietnam, okungasho njalo injabuloEzimweni eziningi, ukumamatheka kungaveza ukungakhululeki, ukuhlazeka, ukukhathazeka, noma ngisho nokuzithoba lapho ubhekene nokusolwa. Akuvamile ukuthi umuntu amamatheke uma ukhombe iphutha, hhayi ngoba ekuthola kuhlekisa, kodwa ngenxa yenhlonipho nokugwema ukubhebhethekisa ingxabano.
Esinye isici esiphawulekayo ukuthi abantu abaningi bayakugwema ukubheka ngqo emehlweni omuntu onesikhundla esiphakeme noma ohlonishwa kakhuluLokhu kungabhekani emehlweni akusho ukungathembi, kodwa kubonisa inhlonipho yendabuko: ukubheka umuntu ophakeme kungahunyushwa njengokungahloniphi noma ukungalaleli.
Ngokuvamile, abantu baseVietnam bagwema izindlela zokuxhumana eziqondile ngokweqile. Ukusho ukuthi “cha” ngokusobala kuzwakala kungazelelweNgakho-ke kuvamile kakhulu ukuphendula ngokuthi “yebo” ngendlela engacacile noma ngamagama agwemayo asho ukuthi akunakwenzeka. Uma ubuza nemibuzo engemihle ("Akubonakali sengathi kuzona imvula, akunjalo?"), ungadala ukungaqondani, ngoba ingqondo yempendulo ingase ingqubuzane neyethu.
Ukuze ugweme ukudideka, kungcono ukwenza imibuzo elula, ebekwe ngendlela eyakhayo futhi engenazo iziphazamiso ezimbiliUma impendulo ingu-“yebo” eshiwo ngokungabaza, ukumamatheka okuqinile, noma ukuthula isikhathi eside, kungenzeka ukuthi empeleni bakutshela ukuthi cha.
Kukhona futhi nezimpawu ezithile okufanele uzigweme: ukukhomba othile, ukugoqa izingalo zakho phambi kwesifuba sakho ngenkathi ubheka phezu kwehlombe lakho, noma ukusebenzisa ithoni yokugcona. Zonke lezi zenzo zibhekwa njenge Ukuntuleka kobuhlakani esikweni esibeka phambili inhlonipho nokuzwana.
Imikhuba eyisisekelo yezivakashi: okufanele nokungafanele kwenziwe
Ngaphambi kokuhamba, kuwumqondo omuhle ukucacisa izinto ezimbalwa. izenzo ezilula zomusa okwenza umehluko omkhulu endleleni abantu bendawo abakubona ngayo.
- Njalo nikeza futhi wamukele ngezandla zombili.Ikakhulukazi imali, izipho, noma amakhadi ebhizinisi, kubonisa inhlonipho.
- Khumula izicathulo zakho lapho ungena Emakhaya, emathempelini, futhi ngezinye izikhathi emabhizinisini endabuko, cishe kuyimpoqo.
- Gqoka ngobuhlakani Ema-pagoda nasemathempelini (amahlombe namadolo amboziwe, kungekho sigqoko noma izibuko zelanga ngaphakathi) umthetho oyisisekelo.
- Ungathinti ikhanda lanoma ubanihhayi ngisho nezingane, njengoba kubhekwa njengengxenye engcwele kakhulu yomzimba.
- Ungakhombi ngezinyawo zakho kubantu, ezifanekisweni noma kuma-altare, ngoba kuthathwa njengokucasulayo.
Ezindaweni zenkolo, kulindeleke ukuthi ugcine izwi eliphansi, ukunyakaza okuzolile, kanye nenhlonipho kulabo abathandazayo. Ukuthatha izithombe zama-altare nemikhosi kungenzeka ezindaweni eziningi, kodwa kungcono ukubuza kusengaphambili noma ukuhlola izimpawu.
Ukubonakaliswa okukhulu kothando esidlangalaleni, njengokuthi ukwanga okunothando noma ukwanga okukhazimulayo phakathi nomgwaqoAzivamile ngaphandle kwamadolobha amakhulu. Ezindaweni zasemakhaya zingabonakala zingakhululekile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuzifihla.
Imininingwane ewusizo: ukuhwebelana kuyingxenye yomdlalo ezimakethe nasezindaweni zokuthengisa, kodwa kwenziwa amahlaya amahle, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yintukuthelo noma ukucindezela abanye kakhuluUma intengo ingakugculisi, momotheka, ubonge bese uhamba; akuyona impi, kuyingxoxo enobungane.
Ukudla kwaseVietnam, izinti zokugaya ukudla, kanye nokungenisa izihambi
Ukudla kungenye yezindawo ezinhle zokuhlangana eVietnam futhi kuyindlela enelungelo loku ukusondela empilweni yansuku zonke kanye nobudlelwano bomndeniKunokuba kube nezitsha ngazinye, kuvame kakhulu ukwabelana ngamapuleti amaningi phakathi netafula.
Uma umenyiwe ukuzodla ekhaya lothile noma edilini, ukudla kuphakelwa izitsha ezinkulu zomphakathi lapho umuntu ngamunye ethatha khona izingxenye ezincane bese ebayisa esitsheni sabo selayisi. Ukuthatha ukudla ngqo kusuka esitsheni esiphakathi kuya emlonyeni wakho ngezinti zokugaya kubhekwa njengokungahloniphi.
Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwezinti zokugcoba kunemithetho ecacile kakhulu. Akufanele neze zinamathisele ziqonde elayisiningoba zifana nezinti zempepho ema-altare omngcwabo. Uma zingasetshenziswa, zibeke onqenqemeni lwepuleti noma esitendini esincane.
Esidlweni sendabuko, kuvamile ukulinda kuze kube yilapho Umuntu omdala noma osezingeni eliphezulu uqala ukudla ukuze nabanye benze okufanayo. Ukunikeza abanye ukudla ngaphambi kokukuphakela wena kuwuphawu oluhlonishwa kakhulu lwenhlonipho.
Ngenxa yenhlonipho, kuyaziswa ukuthi isivakashi Zama okuncane kukho konke futhi ungalahli lutho obala. Kufanele udle lokho okuphakelwayo kuphela, ngaphandle uma kunesizathu sempilo. Ukuqeda okusesitsheni sakho kubonisa ukuthi udle kahle; nokho, ukushiya okuncane ekupheleni kokudla kungahunyushwa njengophawu lokuthi kube nokudla okwanele.
Uma uvakashelwa kafushane, uma unikezwa itiye, into enhle okufanele uyenze yamukela okungenani inkomishi encaneNgisho noma ungeyena umlandeli omkhulu noma ungaqiniseki ngamanzi, kuyisenzo esilula esibonisa ukubonga ngokungenisa izihambi futhi sivula iminyango eminingi.
Ukuhamba eVietnam kusho ukubona le nhlanganisela eqhubekayo yezithuthuthu ezigwema abahamba ngezinyawo, abesifazane asebekhulile esiteji esimsulwa se-ao, izingane ezihamba ngezibani, imibhangqwana ehlonipha okhokho babo, kanye nentsha ebelana ngakho konke ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Ukuqonda amasiko abo—kusukela endleleni yokubingelela abantu kuya endleleni yokuwela umgwaqo noma ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma unikezwa itiye—kukuvumela ukuthi ujabulele izwe kakhulu futhi uthole indawo lapho Isiko akuyona imyuziyamu, kodwa into ephilayo ezivuselela nsuku zonke.