La Ellora Caves Zingenye yezimanga India, elinye lamanye amaningi, njengoba leli zwe elikhulukazi liyibhokisi langempela lomcebo. Kungase kungabi ohlwini lwakho lwezindawo ongavakashela kuzo ohambweni lokuqala, kodwa abaningi bathanda iNdiya bese bebuya, ukuze ukwazi ukukufaka ohambweni lwakho lokubuya.
Le migede, miningi futhi ongenakulibaleka uma usuyazi, ikhona I-World Heritage Site kusukela ngo-1983. Asibazane.
Ellora Caves
Bakhona e-maharashtra, izwe elisentshonalanga yesifunda esiyinhlonhlo yezwe. Yisifunda sesibili esinabantu abaningi eNdiya. Ibuye ihlukaniswe izifunda eziningi futhi inhloko-dolobha yayo, iMumbai, iyindawo yasemadolobheni enabantu abaningi kakhulu ezweni.
Lesi sifundazwe sinezindawo eziyisithupha zamaGugu Omhlaba endaweni yaso, futhi phakathi kwazo kukhona i-Ellora Caves. Le migede Bawumhume oyinkimbinkimbiEqinisweni, bafihla imibhalo namathempeli lokho Zisuka ku-600 AD kuya ku-1000 futhi ibonise impucuko yaseNdiya yasendulo.
Kukhona ingqikithi ye- imigede eyikhulu, bonke kumbiwe emaweni e-basalt, umkhiqizo wentaba-mlilo, e-Charanandri Hills, futhi zonke zivulekele umphakathi. Bangu-17 imigede yamaHindu, kusukela ku-13 kuya ku-29 ngokwezinombolo ezihlelwe ngazo, imihume yamaBuddhas, kusukela ku-1 kuye ku-12, kanye nezinhlanu Imigede yamaJain, kusuka ku-30 kuya ku-34.
Iqembu ngalinye lemigede iveza onkulunkulu basezinganekwaneni ezazidlangile ngesikhathi abaqoshwa ngaso, futhi kukhona nezigodlo zezindela.. Zakhiwe eduze kakhulu komunye nomunye futhi zibonisa ukuhlalisana okungokwenkolo obekulokhu kukhona kuleyo ngxenye yomhlaba.
Sazini ngokwakhiwa kwayo? Nokho, kufundwe kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi lapho iNdiya laliyimpahla yaseBrithani. Ucwaningo lwayo aluzange lube ngaphandle kobunzima, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuhlangana kwezitayela zamaHindu, amaJain namaBuddha, ukuze izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zidwebe ukulandelana kwezikhathi okuhle.
Ekugcineni, kukhona ukuvumelana okuthile, okufinyelelwa ngokuqhathanisa neminye imigede esifundeni, amarekhodi abhaliwe ahlukahlukene kanye nobufakazi obutholakala ezindaweni eziseduze zokuvubukula, ukuthi i-Ellora Caves. Zakhiwa ngezikhathi eziningana: inkathi yokuqala yamaHindu, inkathi yamaBuddha, inkathi yamaHindu futhi ekugcineni isigaba samaJain.
Ngakho-ke, asihambe ezingxenyeni. Ematshe esikhumbuzo amaHindu, okuyimigede engu-13 kuya kwengama-29, amathempeli ayisishiyagalolunye emigedeni akhiwa ngesikhathi seKalachuri, kusukela maphakathi nekhulu lesi-16 kuya ekupheleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX. Bese kuba neminye eyakhiwe ngesikhathi seRashtrakuta, umhume XNUMX ungowokugcina ukubazwa, one-monolith enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. INkosi uKrishna uqobo yayinakekela le migede.
Amathempeli okuqala emigede ukwakhiwa kwakungamaHindu, phambi kwamaBuddha namaJain. Ngokuvamile zinikezelwe kuShiva, phakathi kwabanye onkulunkulu ababaluleke ngokulinganayo. Kukho konke, Umhume omkhulu kunayo yonke futhi ungomunye wemidala kunayo yonke, uMgede 29 noma uDhumar Lena, eyakhiwe eduze kwempophoma yemvelo, futhi ibonakala kuvulandi.
I-Los Izikhumbuzo zamaBuddha, emihumeni 1 kuya ku-12, asohlangothini oluseningizimu yendawo yokuvubukula futhi akhiwa phakathi kuka-630 no-700, ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi, AD. AmaHindu.
Imigede yamaBuddha mihle. Eziyishumi nanye kweziyi-12 ziyizindela ezinamahholo amakhulu, anezitezi eziningi, zonke ziqoshwe ebusweni bentaba, ezinamakamelo okulala, amakhishi nezindawo zokuhlala. UGautama Buddha, abangcwele kanye nama-bodhisattvas bayahlonishwa futhi uzobona ukuthi kwamanye amakhona itshe libukeka njengokhuni.
Phakathi kwayo yonke imigede yamaBuddha kukhona enhle I-Vishvakarma Cave, Umgede 10, owaziwa nangokuthi «umhume wombazi ngoba ngempela idwala liqoshwe ngendlela yokuthi lifane nokhuni. Ine-a i-stuppa Ibukeka njengesonto lombhishobhi kanti phakathi nendawo kukhona a isifanekiso esikhulu sikaBuddha ehlezi ethandaza. Lo mgede unomklamo one-nave emaphakathi kanye nohlobo lwama-chapel aseceleni anamakholomu angama-octagonal angama-28. Ama-frizzes ayinto emangalisayo.
Futhi ekugcineni kukhona Izikhumbuzo zamaJain, imigede kusukela 30 kuya 34. Banjalo enyakatho ye-Ellora futhi bangabehlelo leDigambara, ngakho Zambiwa ngekhulu lesi-9 nele-10. Baningi omncane kunemigede yamaBuddha noma yamaHindu, kodwa ayinabo ubuhle. Qhathanisa ingxenye enkulu yesitayela sakamuva, kodwa, ngokuphambene, kugcizelelwa encazelweni yamaJinas angu-24, abanqobi abangokomoya abakwazi ukunqoba umjikelezo waphakade wokuzalwa kabusha. Kuleli qembu lokugcina, yonke imigede inezabo, amagugu amancane anezinsika ezinkulu, izitezi eziningana, amahholo nemifanekiso yonkulunkulu.
Indawo yomhume empeleni iyingxenye yomzila omdala wokuhweba onqamula eSouth Asia, futhi kwakuyindawo yezentengiselwano ebalulekile, ngale kweqiniso lokuthi imigede yayisebenza njengamathempeli nezindawo zokuphumula zabahambi. Kungani bebizwa ngokuthi u-Ellora? Igama ngu inguqulo emfushane ye I-Ellorpuram, igama elitholakala emibhalweni yasendulo.
Ikuphi i-Ellora Caves? Ayatholakala cishe amakhilomitha angama-29 enyakatho-ntshonalanga yedolobha laseSambhaji Nagar kanye namakhilomitha angama-300 ukusuka eMumbai. Kunezinkomba ezicacile zokuthi selokhu yakhiwa i-Ellora Caves Bavakashelwe kakhulu, njalo, njengoba babephakathi komzila omatasatasa wezohwebo. Lokho kukhiqizile Umonakalo omningi, ikakhulukazi umonakalo uye wenziwa izithombe zonkulunkulu nezithombe njengoba imifanekiso eqoshwe ezinsikeni noma ezindongeni iphelele.
Kubonakala sengathi lo monakalo omkhulu emifanekisweni yonkulunkulu Zazenziwe kakhulu phakathi nekhulu le-15, le-16 nele-17, lapho amabutho amaSulumane efika. e-peninsula. Kufanele kushiwo kanjalo kanye konke lokhu kwakupendwe kahle, idwala lalimbozwe ngokhonkolo futhi lalipendwe ngemibalabala. Kuphela kwezinye izingxenye i-plaster yokuqala nomdwebo oye wasinda.
Kufanele uvakashele nini i-Ellora Caves? Nakuba izinkulungwane zezivakashi zifika minyaka yonke, isikhathi esihle sokuvakashela inkathi isonto lesithathu likaMashi, kulezi zinsuku ngokunembile, kusukela I-Ellora Classical Music and Dance Festival.
La vakashela Kungenziwa emahoreni amathathu noma amane, ukhethe ukuthi yimiphi imigede ozoyivakashela eqenjini ngalinye (nakuba imigede yamaJain ingavakashelwa yonke ngoba mincane kunawo wonke). Into engcono kakhulu, nokho, ukuhlala usuku lonke. Indawo ivulwa zonke izinsuku ngaphandle kwangoLwesibili, kusukela ngo-9 ekuseni kuya ku-5: 30 ntambama.