Imishado yendabuko eGuatemala ayiyona nje umcimbi olulaLe mikhosi ingumphumela wamakhulu eminyaka omlando, izinkolelo zokhokho, namasiko asele, naphezu kokudlula kwesikhathi, emiphakathini eminingi ezweni lonke. Ikakhulukazi, imikhosi yamaMaya igcina incazelo ejulile efanekisayo exhumanisa lo mbhangqwana nemvelo, onkulunkulu, kanye nokhokho babo, okudala umzuzu oyingqayizivele nonenjongo ejulile.
Namuhla, Amanye alawo masiko asendulo amaMaya asaphila emindenini nasemiphakathini ethile yaseGuatemala.Nakuba amanye amasiko ekhunjulwa ngokuyinhloko ngemilando, izifundo ze-anthropology, kanye nenkumbulo ehlangene yabantu bomdabu, ithonya lawo lisazwakala kokubili emishadweni yendabuko kanye nasemikhosini yesimanje ezindaweni ezifanekisela njenge-Antigua Guatemala, lapho imibhangqwana eminingi, kuhlanganise nabantu bakwamanye amazwe, ifuna leyo nhlanganisela yemilingo yamasiko, ingokomoya, kanye nendawo.
Umsuka kanye nencazelo yemishado yamaMaya eGuatemala
Imikhosi yomshado empucukweni yasendulo yamaMaya eGuatemala yayingeyona nje inyunyana phakathi kwabantu ababilikodwa kunalokho isivumelwano phakathi kwemindeni nokuzibophezela phambi konkulunkulu kanye nokuhleleka kwendawo yonke. Umshado wawuqondwa njengobumbano oluqinisekisa ukuzinza, umsebenzi ohlanganyelwe, kanye nokuqhubeka kozalo, kodwa futhi njengesenzo esilawulwa yintando yonkulunkulu kanye nekhalenda elingcwele.
Kulomongo, Amasiko namasiko asendulo ahlobene nomshado ayeyingxenye yesimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi semicikilishoUkulungiselela umshado kwakuhilela ukubonisana ngezinsuku ezinhle ekhalendeni, ukugcina amabika, ukunaka amaphupho, nokuhlonipha uchungechunge lwezimiso zomphakathi. Akukho lutho olwalushiywe luzenzekele: ukuhlangana kwabantu ababili kwakumelwe kuhambisane namandla angokomoya ayebusa impilo yansuku zonke.
Emakhulwini eminyaka kanye nokufika kobukoloni, Eminingi yale mikhuba yaguqulwa noma yaxutshwa nemikhuba yobuKristuLokhu kwabangela ukuvezwa kwamasiko axubile okusabonakala ezindaweni ezahlukene zaseGuatemala. Kodwa-ke, lezo zindaba mayelana nendlela umshado wendabuko wamaMaya owahlelwa ngayo, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, zisalokhu zikhona enkumbulweni yabantu bonke.
Namuhla, uma sikhuluma ngemishado yendabuko eGuatemala, Kuvamile ukubhekisela kokubili kulezi zimpande zamaMaya kanye nemikhosi yabomdabu yanamuhla., lapho imikhosi yasendulo ivuselelwa khona noma ihunyushwa kabusha, ngokuvamile ihlanganiswa nomshado womthetho noma wenkolo ovela eNtshonalanga.
Indima yomenzi womdlalo noma i-Atanzahab
Omunye wabantu ababalulekile emishadweni yasendulo yamaMaya eGuatemala kwakungumenzi womshado., umuntu owaziwa ngokuthi u-Atanzahab. Indima yakhe yadlula kakhulu eyokuba ngumlamuleli nje: wayesebenza njengomeluleki, isazi sezinkanyezi, kanye nomlamuleli phakathi kwemindeni, futhi wayebhekwa njengonolwazi olukhethekile ngentando yonkulunkulu.
Emphakathini wamaMaya, Akuyona intsha eyanquma ukushada ngqo, kodwa abazali bayo.Kwakuyibo ababethi, uma sebenqume ukuthola umlingani wendodana noma indodakazi yabo, baphendukele ezinkonzweni zobungcweti ze-Atanzahab. Lochwepheshe wayezohlaziya isimo semindeni yomibili futhi afunde ukuthi ngabe inyunyana yayifanele yini ngokombono ongokomoya, wezenhlalo nowezomnotho.
Omunye wemisebenzi yakhe eyinhloko kwakuwukuba hlola izinkanyezi zabalingani besikhathi esizayoOkusho ukuthi, izinsuku zokuzalwa ngokwekhalenda elingcwele lamaMaya. Usuku ngalunye lwaluhlotshaniswa namandla athile, onkulunkulu, kanye nezibonakaliso, ngakho-ke umenzi womshado kwakudingeka aqinisekise ukuthi akukho ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezinsuku zokuzalwa zombhangqwana kanye nonkulunkulu abavikelayo abaxhumene nabo.
Ngaphezu kokuhlola izinkanyezi, I-Atanzahab yafunda amagama omakoti nomkhwenyana kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwawo okungokomfanekiso okungenzeka.Amagama amaMaya ayevame ukuba nezincazelo ezihlobene nemvelo, izakhi, noma imisebenzi ebalulekile emphakathini. Ngakho-ke, ukuhambisana phakathi kwamagama kwahunyushwa njengophawu lokuzwana noma ukungqubuzana okungenzeka.
Lapho ebheka inyunyana njengenhle, Umxhumanisi waqala izingxoxo ezisemthethweni phakathi kwemindeni emibili.Le nqubo yayihilela imihlangano, ukushintshana ngezipho, kanye nezingxoxo zokunquma izindaba ezibucayi njengesipho kanye nezibopho umkhwenyana ayezozithatha kubazali bomakoti. Ukuphatha ngobuhlakani kuka-Atanzahab kwakungenza umehluko phakathi kwesivumelwano esiphumelelayo kanye nengxabano yomndeni.
Ukuhambisana kwezinkanyezi kanye nophawu lwamagama
Ukuhambisana kwezinkanyezi kwaba nomthelela omkhulu esinqumweni sokushada nabantu ababili emasikweni amaMaya.Kwakunganele ukuthi imindeni ivumelane; izimpawu zekhalenda lesiko kanye nezimpawu ezihunyushwa ngumxhumanisi nazo kwakufanele zihambisane. Inhlanganisela engeyinhle ingabhekwa njengembangela yezinkinga zesikhathi esizayo emshadweni.
AmaMaya abeka ukubaluleka okukhethekile kumagama abantu, okwakungewona nje amalebula, kodwa amagama agcwele incazelo engokomfanekisoIsibonelo, indoda egama layo linguNic yayinegama elisho "imbali," kanti owesifazane egama layo linguBacal wayenegama elihunyushwa ngokuthi "i-corncob." Ndawonye, uFlower noCorncob bakha umbhangqwana ovumelanayo, njengoba zombili izakhi zazihlotshaniswa nokuzala, imvelo, kanye nobuningi.
Umdlali we-matchmaker udlale Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwamagama kusebenza njengezinkomba mayelana nobudlelwano besikhathi esizayo bombhangqwana.Uma amagama ayesikisela ukuvumelana, ukubambisana, noma ukuchuma, kwakuqondakala ukuthi onkulunkulu bavumela ukuhlangana. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma amagama eveza izinto ezibhekwa njengeziphambene noma eziphikisanayo, kungaba ukuhlakanipha ukweluleka ngokumelene nomshado.
Kweminye imiphakathi yanamuhla evuselela la masiko, Ikhalenda lamaMaya lisasetshenziswa ukuze kukhethwe izinsuku ezinhle zemishado.Noma abaqondisi abangokomoya bacelwa isiqondiso ngosuku olufanele kakhulu ukuze kwenziwe umshado ube semthethweni, kugcinwe lokho kukhathazeka kwasendulo ngenhlanhla yombhangqwana.
Imikhosi yanamuhla yamaMaya yokugubha imishado
EGuatemala yanamuhla, imikhosi yomshado ephefumulelwe amaMaya isagujwa.Le mikhosi ivame kakhulu emiphakathini yabantu bomdabu, kanye nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni noma zezivakashi lapho imibhangqwana ifuna khona ukuhlangana okungokomoya nokungokomfanekiso. Ihlanganisa izinto zokhokho nemizwa yesimanje, igcina inhlonipho ebalulekile ngemvelo kanye nomhlaba ongabonakali.
Isici esiphawulekayo sale mikhosi yilesi ukuba khona kwe-altare lomkhosiI-altare, elilungiselelwe phansi ngezimbali, imbewu, amakhandlela, impepho, ummbila, nezinye izinto zemvelo, liba yisikhungo sesiko, indawo yokuhlangana phakathi kwezwe lasemhlabeni namandla omoya asetshenziswa ngesikhathi somkhosi.
Eceleni kwe-altare, Kuvuthelwa umlilo omkhulu ukuze kushiswe iminikeloUmlilo, ongcwele ngokombono wamaMaya, usebenza njengomlamuleli phakathi kwabantu nonkulunkulu: ngentuthu kukhuphuka izicelo, izinkulumo zokubonga, kanye nezifiso ezinhle zombhangqwana. Ngesikhathi somcimbi, kufakwa izinto ezahlukene emlilweni, ezimelela izibopho zombhangqwana kanye namathemba abo ngekusasa.
Umhlahlandlela noma umpristi ongokomoya wamaMaya kubiza amagumbi amane eNdawo YonkeOkungukuthi, amaphuzu amane ayinhloko asekela umhlaba. Isiqondiso ngasinye sihlotshaniswa nemibala ethile, amandla, kanye nonkulunkulu, futhi umbhangqwana ucelwa isivikelo sawo ukuze uhambe nabo ohambweni lwabo olusha ndawonye. Lesi senzo sibonisa umqondo wokuthi umshado kufanele uvumelane nokuhleleka kwendawo yonke.
Ngesikhathi somcimbi, okulandelayo kwenziwa futhi ukubizwa kwezici ezahlukahlukene eziyimfihlakalo nezemveloIzindawo ezingcwele ezifana namagquma, izintaba-mlilo, imihume, imifula, amachibi, imithombo, kanye nemithombo, kanye nokhokho nama-nahuales—leyo mimoya evikelayo exhunywe kumuntu ngamunye ngokwesikhathi sokuzalwa—idala isimo esigcwele inhlonipho, imizwa, kanye nokuxhumana nomhlaba.
Imishado yesimanje eGuatemala: isiko nezindawo ezihlukile
IGuatemala isibe yindawo ekhangayo kakhulu yemishado ehlanganisa umlando, amasiko kanye nezindawo ezinhle kakhulu.Enye yezindawo eziphawulekayo kakhulu zalokhu yi-Antigua Guatemala, idolobha eliyikoloni elizungezwe yizintaba-mlilo, elinemigwaqo yamatshe aqoshiwe, amanxiwa amasonto nezindela, kanye nesimo esigcwele ubuhle.
Imibhangqwana eminingi, ngisho naleyo evela kwamanye amazwe, Bakhetha ukugubha umshado wabo eGuatemala ngenxa yokuxhumana ngokomzwelo nezwe noma ngenxa yomlingo okhethekile abawuthola ezindaweni zalo.Isibonelo esimele yileso sombhangqwana, ngemva komcimbi womshado olula eNew York, owanquma ukuthi umkhosi wangempela uzoba seGuatemala ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, uzungezwe umndeni nabangane.
Umakoti, odabuka eSpain futhi ohlala eNew York, Wachaza ukuthi bakhethe i-Antigua Guatemala ngoba wayenomuzwa wokuthi le ndawo inamandla athule kodwa anamandla kakhulu.umuzwa owangena “emathanjeni akhe”. Umlingani wakhe, waseGuatemala, wayemtshengise izwe, futhi kusukela ekuvakasheni kwakhe kokuqala wayazi ukuthi ufuna ukuqinisa ukuzibophezela kwakhe lapho, hhayi ngenxa yesibopho noma ngezizathu ezingokoqobo, kodwa ngenxa yothando lwangempela ngezinto ezizungezile.
Ukuze uthole okuningi ohambweni lwezivakashi, Bahlela imicimbi eminingana emshadweni oyinhlokoUkuthwebula izithombe ngaphambi komshado kwenzeke eSanta Clara Ruins, indawo emangalisayo yomlando ehlanganisa izindonga zamatshe, isibhakabhaka esivulekile, kanye nezitshalo eziluhlaza, okudala isimo esiseduze esigcwele umlando. Njengendlela yokugcina yokuvalelisa ngaphambi kosuku olukhulu, bagubha ngokuhlangana eHotel Los Pasos, indawo ekhangayo yase-Antigua.
Umcimbi omkhulu womshado wenzeka e- I-Villa Bokéh – Relais & ChateauxIndawo ezungezwe imvelo kanye nemibono emihle, lapho bahlanganisa khona imininingwane yesimanje kanye nokunaka isiko lendawo. Le ndlela yokugubha ikhombisa ukuthi imishado yesimanje eGuatemala ingahlanganisa kanjani ifa lokhokho, ukwakheka kwamakoloni, kanye nokuzwela kwesimanje kube yinto eyingqayizivele.
Ezimweni eziningi, Imibhangqwana ekhetha iGuatemala njengendawo yomshado wayo ihlanganisa izinto ezingokomfanekiso eziphefumulelwe amasiko amaMaya., njengezibusiso zomlilo, iminikelo yezimbali, noma amasiko alula okubonga umhlaba. Ngaphandle kokuphinda udale lonke isakhiwo somkhosi wendabuko, bathatha kuwo lezo zenzo ezihambisana kahle nombono wabo wokuzibophezela.
Imishado yendabuko eGuatemala, kokubili imikhosi yasendulo yamaMaya kanye nemikhosi yamanje egcwele izimpawuZibonisa ukuthi umshado uhlala kanjani uyisenzo esijulile senhlalo nesokomoya, esihilela imindeni, umphakathi, imvelo, kanye nenkumbulo yokhokho.
Kusukela endimeni yokuba ngumxhumanisi kanye nokuhambisana kwezinkanyezi namagama, kuya kuma-dowries, umsebenzi wabasemzini, ama-altare anemililo emikhulu kanye nemishado yesimanje e-Antigua ehlonipha izimpande zezwe, konke kwakha i-mosaic ecebile yamasiko.
Noma ubani oshada eGuatemala, noma onentshisekelo ngamasiko ayo omshado, uthola indawo lapho igama elithi "Ngiyakwenza" libizwa khona lihambisana nonkulunkulu, izintaba-mlilo, okhokho kanye nomlando omude osashaya yonke imicimbi.