Izinto eziyishumi ongazibona futhi uzenze e-Istanbul

Kulesi sihloko sizophakamisa izinto eziyishumi okufanele uzibone futhi uzenze e-Istanbul, idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke Turkey, nakuba inhloko-dolobha yokuphatha yezwe i Ankara. Itholakala osebeni I-Bosphorus Strait, Lokho kuhlukanisa Europa de Asia, yingakho, mhlawumbe, kuwukuphela kwedolobha emhlabeni elingaphansi kwamazwekazi amabili.

Isungulwe njenge IByzantium ngekhulu lesi-7 BC futhi yaqanjwa kabusha IConstantinople ku-IV yenkathi yethu, inomlando inqobo nje uma inothile. Kube inhloko-dolobha yemibuso eminingana njengeByzantine kanye ne-Ottoman futhi izindawo zayo ezindala zihlukaniswa njenge. Amagugu Emhlaba. Kukho konke lokhu, kuningi okufanele ukubone futhi ukwenze e-Istanbul. Okulandelayo, siphakamisa izinto eziyishumi ezibalulekile.

Yini ongayiphuthelwa uma uya e-Istanbul

Okokuqala, kunezikhumbuzo eziningi futhi ezimangalisa kakhulu edolobheni kangangokuthi kunzima ukuncoma ezimbalwa nje. Phakathi kwabo, yebo, kumele kube yabo ama-mosque ahlaba umxhwele. Kamuva, sizoma ezimbili zazo. Kodwa futhi singaxoxa nawe mayelana lokho kwe-Çamlica, ephakathi kwenkulukazi emhlabeni njengoba inamandla okuthwala abantu abangaphezu kuka-37. Noma i Fatih mosque, okungenye yezingcweti ezinhle kakhulu zezakhiwo zakudala zaseTurkey-Islamic.

Futhi, kufanele ubone umbhoshongo wegalata, okungeyenkathi yaseByzantium, kanye Inqaba yaseRumelia, elibizwa ngolimi lwendabuko elithi Rumeli hisar. Lesi sakamuva siyinqaba ebabazekayo yekhulu le-15 eyakhiwa yi-sultan  UMehmed II futhi lakhiwa imibhoshongo emithathu eyinhloko nemibhoshongo yokulinda engaphezu kweshumi ehambisanayo, yonke ehlanganiswe nezindonga eziphakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yayinezindlu zamasosha, i-mosque encane nezinye izinsiza.

Nokho, Beyazit tower, the I-Dolmabahce Palace noma i I-Mosaic Museum Lezi ezinye izimangaliso ongazivakashela e-Istanbul. Kodwa manje kufanele sigxile ezikhumbuzo ezinkulu zedolobha laseBosphorus. Sihamba nabo.

UHagia Sophia

Mhlawumbe, yiyona uphawu olukhulu Istanbul. Eqinisweni, livela kuzo zonke izithombe ze-panoramic ezithathwe idolobha. Yavulwa ngonyaka ka-537 njengesonto lama-Orthodox aseByzantine, nakuba yayinenkathi ecishe ibe yiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu lapho iba yisonto lamaRoma Katolika. Kamuva, ngemva kokuwa kweConstantinople kuma-Ottomans, yaguqulwa yaba i-mosque.

Ukukunikeza umbono wobukhulu bayo obukhulu, sizokutshela ukuthi bekuyisonto lombhishobhi elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni kuze kube yileso Sevilla. Isibonelo esihle sazo yilesi idome layo elikhulu elinobubanzi obucishe libe ngamamitha angamashumi amathathu nambili futhi okwathi ngesikhathi salo lalibhekwa njengengxenye engcono kakhulu yezakhiwo zaseByzantium.

Kodwa, uma iwumbukwane ngaphandle, ayinabo ubuhle obuncane ngaphakathi. Bagqama ama-mosaic ayo ahlaba umxhwele nezinye izakhi ezifana i-mihrab, inkomba yeMecca, ngakho-ke, lapho umthandazo kufanele uye khona. Ngokufanayo, izungezwe ama-candelabra amabili amakhulu athathwe ngesikhathi kunqotshwa Hungary.

I-Mosque eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Itholakala ngokuphambene nedlule, ingadi enhle kuphela ebahlukanisayo, futhi yaziwa ngayo USultan Ahmed I Mosque, njengoba kwakulombusi wekhulu le-17 owayala ukwakhiwa kwawo. Kuphinde kube phakathi kwezinto eziyishumi okufanele uzibone futhi uzenze e-Istanbul ngoba iyitshe lesikhumbuzo elihlaba umxhwele.

Eqinisweni, kwaze kwaba yiminyaka eyisishiyagalombili edlule kwakuyiyona yodwa eyayinayo amamitha ayisithupha, abaningi njengethempeli lika IMecca. Ngokufanayo, idome layo linobubanzi obungamamitha angama-23 nobude obungamamitha angama-43. Konke lokhu kuzokunikeza umbono wokuthi imangalisa kangakanani iBlue Mosque.

Kodwa nakakhulu uzomangala ngalokho ozothola ngaphakathi. Iqanjwe igama layo ku- 20 000 amathayela e-ceramic aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ehlobisa isilingi sayo. Bafika besuka I-Nicea futhi zenziwa ngesandla. Kodwa nazo ziyagqama amafasitela engilazi anemibala engaphezu kuka-200 kanye ne-mihrab yayo enhle.

Njengoba sinitshelile, leli gama linikezwe indawo yethempeli elibonisayo iQibla noma isiqondiso saseMecca. Le eseBlue Mosque yenziwe ngemabula futhi iqoshwe kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-tiles nawo ayizungezile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwakhiwa has the I-Royal Pavilion.

I-Topkapi Palace, okunye ukuvakasha phakathi kwezinto eziyishumi ongazibona futhi uzenze e-Istanbul

Yakhiwe ngusultan UMehmed II Ngekhulu le-15, kwakuyisikhungo sokuphatha se- UMbuso Wase-Ottoman kuze kube ngu-1853, lapho omunye u-sultan, Abdulmecid, wathuthela esigodlweni saseDolmabahce. Uzoyithola ku-promontory ye- Seraglio, ehlukanisa uphondo Lwegolide noLwandle LwaseMarmara. Ngakho-ke, ikunikeza imibono engenakuqhathaniswa yeBosphorus.

Yakhiwe ngamabhilidi amaningana okuthi, kanye nezingadi, akha indawo ephelele engamamitha-skwele angama-700, okuzokunikeza umbono wobuhle bayo. Ngokufanayo, lizungezwe udonga lwaseByzantium olunqotshwa ngobuhle iminyango efana ne-Imperial noma i-Reception.

Phakathi kwamakamelo ayo kukhona indlu yabesifazane, izitebele zasebukhosini kanye namakhishi, amapheyali afana nengubo kanye neZinsalela eziNgcwele noma iGumbi loMkhandlu. Kodwa enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu umcebo, enamagumbi amaningana lapho kuboniswa khona izingcezu eziyingqayizivele emhlabeni. Ngokwesibonelo, yena Idayimane le-Spooner, enama-carats angu-88, noma i- I-Topkapi dagger, okuyinto, ngama-emerald ayo amboziwe, ibhekwa njengesikhali esibiza kakhulu emhlabeni.

Umthombo we-Basilica

Ukuvakasha kwakho, ngokungangabazeki, kungenye yezinto eziyishumi ongazibona futhi uzenze e-Istanbul. Ukukunikeza umbono wemvelo yayo emangalisayo, sizokutshela ukuthi yaziwa nangokuthi I-Sunken Palace. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bekuyithangi lamanzi. Kodwa, ikakhulukazi, yayingaphansi kwe-mosque futhi ihlinzeka nge-Byzantine Palace futhi yayihambisana nobuhle bayo. Eqinisweni, lakhiwa ngomyalo wombusi Justinian I ngonyaka we-532.

Inobukhulu obungamamitha ayi-140 ubude namamitha angama-70 ububanzi namamitha ayisishiyagalolunye ukuphakama. Ngokufanayo, iqukethe amakholomu angu-336 ezitayela zezakhiwo ezihluke kakhulu. Kodwa phakathi kwabo kugqame okubili okusekelwe ezindleleni Amakhanda eMedusa.

I-Suleiman Mosque

Iqanjwe ngosultan Suleiman I, owayala ukwakhiwa kwawo maphakathi nekhulu le-2019. Bekumkhulu kunawo wonke edolobheni kuze kube ngu-XNUMX, lapho yedlulwa yi-Çamlica. Umklami wayo wayengu UMimar Sinan, umakhi wezakhiwo zombuso, okwathi, ngokumangalisayo, wakhulelwa ngendlela ehlukile kuHagia Sophia. Ngenxa yalokho, lokhu kuningi elula, enengqondo futhi elinganayo.

Ngaphandle, kuyagqama i-peristyle yayo emangalisayo noma igalari yamakholomu emabula ahlanganiswe namakhothamo kanye nawo iminarethi emine. Kodwa futhi idome layo elihle, elicishe libe ngamamitha angu-27 ububanzi, lingamamitha angu-53 ukuphakama futhi lizungezwe ama-semidome. Ngokuqondene nengaphakathi, umhlobiso ufinyelelwa ngokusekelwe Amathayela e-Iznik, imabula nomsebenzi wokhuni. Futhi, njengakuwo wonke ama-mosque amakhulu, i-Suleiman's inezakhiwo eziningana zokuhlanganisa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi Külliye futhi yakhiwe, phakathi kokunye, i-hamman (iqoqo lamabhavu), ama-madrassa (izikole zamaKoran), i-caravansaray (inn) nezingadi.

Ungabuyi e-Istanbul ngaphandle...

Kodwa idolobha elihle laseBosphorus likunikeza ezinye izinto eziningi ezikhangayo, ngaphezu kwezikhumbuzo zalo ezinhle. Kukhona inani elikhulu imisebenzi Ongakwenza ekuvakasheni kwakho enhlokodolobha yasendulo Turkey nokuthi bazokushiya inkumbulo engapheli. Ngezansi, siphakamisa ezinye ezijabulisa kakhulu futhi ezingasoze zalibaleka.

Ukuthola ukuthula a Hammam

Njengoba sisanda kukhombisa, Hammam yigama eliqanjwe abantu abadumile Amabhati aseTurkey. Umsuka wayo cishe use- Amagama aseRoma, njengoba benenhloso efanayo, ngaphandle kokuhlanzeka: ukuphumula nokuhlanza umzimba wokungcola.

Ngeke sikwazi ukusho zonke ezikhona e-Istanbul ngoba zingamakhulu. Kodwa, ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha oyithandayo, sizokutshela ukuthi ezidume kakhulu yizo Aga Hamami, etholakala eduze neTaksim Square, kanye Cemberlites, eduze kweGrand Bazaar, esizokutshela ngayo ngezansi.

Thenga eGrand Bazaar

Itholakala enhliziyweni yedolobha elidala enye yezitolo ezinkulu emhlabeni. Izibalo zizokuqinisekisa: inamamitha-skwele awusizo angaba ngu-36, imigwaqo engama-000, izitolo ezingaba ngu-64 futhi ithola izivakashi ezingaba ngu-4000 ngosuku.

Kuyo ungathola cishe yonke into, kodwa, ikakhulukazi, ubucwebe, umkhandi wegolide, izindwangu nezinongo. Ukuze uthole indlela yakho endaweni enkulu kangaka, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi izitaladi zakhona ziqanjwe ngezinyunyana ezisebenza kuzo. Ngokwesibonelo, I-Kalpakçilar Umgwaqo wabadayisi besikhumba ubucwebe Ngowabobucwebe.

Ukugibela isikebhe eBosphorus, ukuhamba ngomkhumbi kungenye yezinto eziyishumi okufanele uzibone futhi uzenze e-Istanbul.

Njengoba sesike sanitshela, i I-Bosphorus Kuyi-strait ehlukanisa iYurophu ne-Asia, ixhuma uLwandle Olumnyama noLwandle lwaseMarmara. Ubude bayo ngamakhilomitha angama-30 kanti ububanzi bayo obukhulu buyi-XNUMX. Ngokufanayo, inamabhuloho amabili: ekaBogazici kanye nekaSultan Mehmed.

Ungakhetha phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili ze-cruise. Elula kakhulu ifinyelela ekuphakameni kwalokhu okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla Inqaba yaseRumelia, obusa umsinga. Kodwa, uma unesikhathi esiningi, ungenza eside kakhulu ngokuyisa isikebhe Bogaz Ikelesi, ethatha cishe amahora amathathu ukuya nokubuya futhi ikuvumela ukuba uvakashele lelo dolobha.

Buka ukushona kwelanga kusukela e-Üsküdar

Sesishilo ekudluliseni i Uphondo lwegolide. Kuyisizalo esingasekungeneni komfula I-Bosphorus Strait. Ukuhamba ngawo uzofinyelela esifundeni sase Uskudar, etholakala endaweni yase-Anatolian e-Istanbul. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ikunikeza okunye kokushona kwelanga okuhle kakhulu Ongakubona endaweni. Eqinisweni, emandulo lesi sifunda besaziwa ngokuthi I-Crysopolis, okungukuthi, uMuzi Wegolide.” Futhi abaningi babonisa ukuthi kwakubangelwa ukukhanya kwelanga olwandle ekushoneni kwelanga. Ngakho-ke, ukuyibona e-Üsküdar kungenye yezinto eziyishumi ongazibona futhi uzenze e-Istanbul.

Yidla i-kebab e-Spice Market

Le makethe itholakala endaweni yase- Eminonu futhi ingeyesibili ngobukhulu e-Istanbul ngemva kweGrand Bazaar, esesivele sikutshele ngayo. Futhi ingenye yezindala, ehlehlela emuva maphakathi nekhulu le-17. Kodwa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ingenye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu ongadla kuzo i-kebab ehlwabusayo. Akulona ize, kukhona zonke izinhlobo zezinongo zokuzoliswa.

Sengiphetha, sikukhombisile izinto eziyishumi okufanele uzibone futhi uzenze e-Istanbul. Kodwa, ngokungenakugwenywa, sikushiyele okunye ukuvakasha kanye nemisebenzi kusendleleni. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi kokuqala, the isonto likaSaint Irene, okwakuyithempeli lokuqala laseByzantium futhi namuhla liyimyuziyamu, noma ama-mosque ase-Arap naseZeyrek. Woza uzozitholela leli dolobha elihle Turkey.