Udonga Olukhulu lwaseShayina yigama elinikezwe udonga kanye nenethiwekhi yezinqaba ezakhiwe ukuvikela uMbuso waseShayina ekuhlaselweni okungenzeka kwamaMongol. Ukwakhiwa kwalo kwenzeka phakathi kwekhulu lesi-5 BC kanye nekhulu le-16 AD . Njengoba luhlanganisa indawo emngceleni enyakatho, phakathi komngcele neKorea kanye neGobi Desert, kulinganiselwa ukuthi lungaphezu kwamakhilomitha angu-8,000 ubude . Kuyafaneleka futhi ukusho ukuthi, ngokwesilinganiso, luphakathi kwamamitha angu-6 kuya kwangu-7 ukuphakama kanye namamitha amahlanu ububanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udonga Olukhulu lwaseShayina lwakhiwe izindonga, izindawo zokudlula, imibhoshongo yokulinda, kanye nemibhoshongo.
Ubuwazi ukuthi lapho luphakeme, uDonga Olukhulu kanye nomngcele osenyakatho woMbuso WaseShayina kwakuqashwe amasosha angaphezu kwesigidi ? Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukholakala ukuthi izigidi zabantu zangcwatshwa eduze. Laba kwakuyizisebenzi ezazihilelekile ekwakhiweni kwalo, izisebenzi ezakha uDonga kwaze kwaba yilapho zibhubha ngenxa yokukhathala.
Udonga Olukhulu lunqamula izifundazwe eziyisithupha nezifunda ezizimele kanye nomasipala owodwa eNyakatho yeShayina: iHebei , isifundazwe semvula esisemngceleni weBeijing neTianjin; iBeijing , inhloko-dolobha yaseShayina; iShanxi , eyaziwa ngokuthi isifundazwe sezintaba esentshonalanga lapho impucuko yaseShayina yazalelwa khona (etholakala emaphethelweni ezintaba zaseTaihang); iMongolia Yangaphakathi , njengoba igama layo lisho, cishe emngceleni nezwe elingumakhelwane laseMongolia; iNingxia , lapho ubukhosi basendulo baseQin bahlala khona ngekhulu lesithathu BC; kanye neGansu , ikhaya lobukhosi basendulo baseSong.
