Amagugu e-Hispanic Society of America ePrado Museum

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuzwa isiko laseSpain nelaseHispanic. Eyokuqala ukuhamba uye emaphandleni, uhlole amadolobhana namadolobhana ayo, ujabulele izindawo zayo ezinhle, ujabulele ukudla kwayo, futhi uvakashele iminyuziyamu nezikhumbuzo zayo. Enye ukuhamba uye eNew York bese uzifaka eHispanic Society of America, inxusa elikhulu kunawo wonke lamasiko aseSpain phesheya kwezilwandle.

Eminye yeminikelo emihle kakhulu iSpain eye yayenza emhlabeni itholakala kuleso sikhungo esidumile eManhattan, esasungulwa ngo-1904 yi-American philanthropist kanye ne-Hispanicist u-Archer Milton Huntington. Manje, ngenxa yombukiso othi "Imibono Yezwe LaseHispanic: Amagugu Avela Ku-Hispanic Society of America" ​​​​e-Prado Museum, abantu baseYurophu banethuba lokuvakashela iqoqo elikhulu kunawo wonke lobuciko baseHispanic ngaphandle kweSpain (ezinezingcezu ezingaphezu kuka-18.000), inhlanganisela ye-Prado Museum, i-National Archaeological Museum, kanye ne-National Library of Spain, ngamazwi omqondisi we-Hispanic Society kanye nomgcini wombukiso, uMitchell A. Codding.

Kusukela ngo-Ephreli 4 kuya ku-Septhemba 10, i- “Visiones del mundo hispánico. Amagugu Omphakathi WeSpanishi WaseMelika » umbukiso ohlanganisa ndawonye iqoqo lemisebenzi engama-214 (ukudweba, ukubaza, imibhalo yesandla, ubuciko bokuhlobisa kanye nezingcezu zemivubukulo nezindwangu) ezihlanganisa iminyaka engama-4.000 yomlando.
Lo mbukiso ucatshangelwa njengesipho sika-Archer Milton Huntington (1870-1955), umsunguli we-Hispanic Society of America eNew York ngokusabalalisa nokutadisha isiko laseSpain e-United States.

Wayengubani u-Archer Milton Huntington?

Wazalelwa eBronx, wayeyindodana yosomabhizinisi athola kuye enye yezingcebo ezinkulu kakhulu ezweni. Esemusha, waya eParis naseLondon okokuqala. Lapho, wamangazwa yingcebo yaseLouvre kanye neBritish Museum, futhi kwakusenhloko-dolobha yaseBrithani lapho athenga khona incwadi ebhalwe ngumlobi waseNgilandi uGeorge Borrow mayelana namaGypsy aseSpain. Lokhu kwavusa isithakazelo sakhe emasikweni aseHispanic. Lapho eba neminyaka engu -20, wahamba kulo lonke elaseMexico izikhathi eziningana futhi wawathanda amasiko alo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, wanquma ukuzinikela ekutadisheni nasekukhuthazeni amasiko aseHispanic, edala umtapo wolwazi kanye nomnyuziyamu eNew York.

Ngakho-ke, cishe ngo-1900, waqala ukuthenga imisebenzi yeqoqo lakhe ngesikhathi lapho impi yaseCuba yayonakalise udumo lwaseSpain e-United States. Kancane kancane lanweba iqoqo lalo laze lafaka izinto ezingama-750.000 ezihlobene ikakhulukazi neNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia, iMelika kanye nePhilippines.

Injani i-Hispanic Society of America?

Itholakala eBroadway phakathi kwe-155th kanye ne-156th Streets eNew York City, i-Hispanic Society of America iyisikhungo esizinikele ekutadisheni nasekukhuthazeni isiko laseSpain e-United States. Iqukethe imnyuziyamu kanye nomtapo wolwazi oheha izinkulungwane zezivakashi minyaka yonke, naphezu kokuba ingekho eduze kweminyuziyamu emikhulu yaseManhattan.

Ngabasebenzi abangaba ngu-30, i-Hispanic Society of America ixhaswe ngasese ngokuphelele. Isabelomali saso saminyaka yonke sicishe sibe yizigidi ezingama-4 zamadola: ngaphezulu kwengxenye kuvela ezimali zezikhungo uqobo nakuma-trust ashiywe yiHuntington. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bathola iminikelo nezimali eziqoqwayo ngemisebenzi eyahlukahlukene, njengombuthano waminyaka yonke wesikhungo.

Lesi sikhungo senza imizamo emikhulu yokukhuthaza isiko lamaHispanic phakathi kwabantu baseMelika, abanye babo abavame ukudideka isiko laseLatin America nesiko laseSpain. Kodwa futhi sisebenzisana nabaseSpain, njengoba besibolekise imisebenzi ebalulekile yemibukiso eThyssen Museum kanye nasePrado Museum. Imali mboleko ephawuleka kakhulu kuze kube manje kwakuyi-"Vision of Spain," ngo-2009 eyayinezigcawu ezingu-14 uJoaquín Sorolla azidwebela lesi sikhungo ezibonisa amasiko nezinganekwane zezifunda ezahlukene zezwe. Lowo mbukiso waheha izivakashi ezingu-900.000, futhi umbukiso wamanje uthembisa ukudlula lelo nani.

I-Hispanic Society of America ePrado Museum

Akukaze kwenzeke ngaphambili ukuthi yonke ingcebo yayo emikhulu isuke eNew York, kodwa kuze kube nguSepthemba 10 sinethuba lokuyibona ePrado Museum eMadrid. Ngemuva kwalokho, umbukiso uzohambela iminyuziyamu eminingana e-United States (i-Albuquerque Museum eNew Mexico, i-Museum of Fine Arts, eHouston, njll.) futhi ungase uye eMexico.

Amagugu aseSpanishi ayimisebenzi yobuciko engaba ngu-18.000, kufaka phakathi izingcezu zemivubukulo, imidwebo, imidwebo, izithombe ezibaziwe, izinto zokuhlobisa, ubucwebe, izindwangu ... kusukela ngePaleolithic kuya ekhulwini lama-60. Imisebenzi engama-XNUMX% ayikaze ikhonjiswe ngaphambili eSpain.

Ku-Prado uzobona ukukhethwa okuncane kodwa okuhle. Umzila ohlongozwayo uqala enkulungwaneni yesithathu yeminyaka BC ngamakhemikhali ePaleolithic futhi ufinyelela ekhulwini lama-XNUMX ngemidwebo kaSorolla, Zuloaga noma uRamón Casas, phakathi kwabanye. Ngaphezu kwemivubukulo yasendulo nemisebenzi yabadwebi kusukela esikhathini sikaHuntington, lo mbukiso uhlanganisa ukubaza kwamaRoma, amaFenike, amaVisigoth, iHispano-Muslim, i-Christian Middle Ages, ubuciko bamakholoni, ubuciko beGolden Age, ubucwebe, imibhalo yesandla, izincwadi incunabula, amamephu, izincwadi zomthetho ne-etcetera ende. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi aphoqe ukuba angene kuwo wonke amakamelo esikhashana ephiko leJerónimos, lapho kubhekwa futhi idokhumentari emayelana nomsizi waseMelika, eNew York nesikhathi sakhe.

Ngoxhaso olukhethekile lwe-BBVA Foundation, umbukiso othi "Imibono Yomhlaba WaseHispanic: Amagugu Avela Ku-Hispanic Society of America" ​​​​uzovulekela umphakathi eJerónimos Building of the Prado Museum. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kubambisana nePrado kuye kwasiza ekubuyiseleni ukukhanya kanye nobuhle bokuqala kwezinye zezithombe ezinhle zikaGoya noVelázquez, njengeThe Duchess of Alba kanye nePortrait of a Girl, ngokulandelana.